Absnract

The article provides an extensive review of the application of fire control systems (FCS) in combat robotic ground vehicles, with a particular focus on developments and combat experience in Ukraine during the last decade. The relevance of the topic is determined by the increasing role of unmanned ground systems (UGS) in high-intensity warfare, where the preservation of personnel and the precision of fire support are critical tasks. The study examines the structural and functional features of FCS in robotic platforms, including sensors, ballistic calculators, stabilization units, and secure communication channels that enable remote or semi-autonomous operation under conditions of electronic warfare. Ukrainian developments such as the «Myslyvets,» «Lut’,» and «Droid» platforms are highlighted as significant milestones in the domestic defense industry, where private companies, volunteer groups, and the Armed Forces of Ukraine cooperate to produce field-ready solutions. Comparative analysis with international projects (MAARS, Uran-9, Type-X, Segev) shows that while global leaders focus on heavy armament and partial autonomy, Ukrainian systems are characterized by rapid prototyping, adaptation to battlefield needs, and cost-effective FCS integration. The article also emphasizes unresolved challenges: ensuring resilient communication and cybersecurity, enhancing target identification through artificial intelligence, integrating robots into a unified command-and-control system, and addressing energy supply and legal issues related to autonomous lethal systems. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the synthesis of Ukrainian combat experience with international research, forming a conceptual framework for the further development of ground combat robotics. The practical significance is defined by the demonstrated ability of Ukrainian FCS-equipped robots to reduce casualties, maintain continuous fire in defense, and effectively support offensive operations, including the historic example of drone-and-robot-only assaults. The conclusions highlight that the development of robotic fire control systems is a strategic priority for Ukraine’s defense, requiring state support, investment in sensor technologies, and further research into autonomy and networked operations.

 Keywords: robotic ground complexes; combat robots; fire control system; unmanned ground vehicles; artificial intelligence; Armed Forces of Ukraine.

FULL TEXT (in Ukrainian)

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The article was submitted 10.11.2025

© Kisil, Ya.V., Halchynskyi, V.V., Litvinov, V.M., Suprunenko, O.V., 2025
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0)